A study of Microalbuminuria and its association with various cardiovascular risk factors and complications in patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract
Background: Microalbuminuria is a key risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases and renal impairment. This is particularly true for diabetics, in whom it is common and can be used to predict the development of complications.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study. Participants were divided into 3 different groups: Group I – Control (n = 20), Group II – Patients with type II diabetes mellitus (n = 300), Group III – Diabetic patients with retinal changes (n = 50). Medical history, physical examination, complete blood count, ECG, chest X-ray and urine examination, tests for microalbuminuria, echocardiogram and fluorescein angiography were performed.
Results: Mean age of patients in group I and II were 57.60 ± 11.07 and 57.04 ± 11.57 years respectively. 46% participants were taking oral anti diabetic agents. Out of 300 patients of type 2 DM–64% were micral test negative and 36% were micral test positive. In group III, 32% were normoalbuminuric and 68% were microalbuminuric. Positive correlation was found between duration of DM and presence of microalbuminuria. Serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides level were more in microalbuminurics than normoalbuminurics and the difference was statistically significant while the difference in the levels of serum LDL and serum HDL was statistically insignificant between two groups. 55.6% of the diabetics with microalbuminuria were hypertensive.
Conclusion: Microalbuminuria can be considered as one of the predictive factors for overt nephropathy and various complications of DM. Thus, detection of microalbuminuria at an early stage may help in preventing the diabetic complications.
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References
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