Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology

SUBCUTANEOUS DIROFILARIASIS MASQUERADING AS LIPOMA/SCHWANNOMA

2024-07-03T02:38:17+0530

ABSTRACT

An uncommon zoonotic illness called dirofilariasis is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including India. Canines are the principal hosts of the disease. Rarely humans get infected by the bite of mosquito which act as vectors to spread the infection. Pulmonary and extrapulmonary (orbital and subcutaneous) infections are commonly seen. Here we present 2 case reports in which patients presented with subcutaneous swellings. Excision biopsy was performed in both cases. Histopathological examination revealed Dirofilarial worm identified in the tissue sections with the characteristic morphologic features. Pathologists play a crucial part in the ultimate diagnosis.

KEYWORDS: Dirofilaria repens, subcutaneous nodules, India, zoonotic infection

DRESS SYNDROME DEMYSTIFIED: INSIGHTS FROM A PATHOLOGIST’S PERSPECTIVE

2024-07-03T02:37:47+0530

Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a constellation of symptoms that manifest because of certain medications. Several antipsychotics, antibiotics, anti convulsants, and sulfa-containing drugs are known to be implicated in the etiology of DRESS syndrome. It is a severe idiosyncratic drug reaction with a long latency period and due to the asymptomatic beginning and non-specific nature of symptoms, it is difficult to identify. This disease is diagnosed using the RegisCAR (European Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction) scoring system.

The clinical presentation of this disorder consists of a diffuse rash, lymphadenopathy, and systemic organ damage. The diagnostic workup comprises of monitoring inflammatory markers on laboratory work, and a skin biopsy (to assess the etiology of the rash).

Case presentation: A 24-year-old male presented with complaints of skin lesions over whole body for the past 15 days along with erythematous lesions with exfoliation and scaling.

Conclusion: The reported case emphasizes the importance of thorough medical history including drug reactions in differential diagnosis.

The causative drug in this case was found to be antibiotics (cefexime). The treatment for the same is withdrawal of causative drug and using corticosteroids, in this patient dexamethasone was used.

Solitary circumscribed neuroma: An often-misdiagnosed Neural tumour, Case report with Review of literature.

2024-07-03T02:39:07+0530

Solitary circumscribed neuroma (SCN) also called Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN) is a benign neural tumour, which usually present as skin coloured papule or nodule on face. Clinically, often it mimics Intradermal melanocytic nevus or cutaneous neurofibroma. Microscopically it mimics a neurofibroma and schwannoma, especially when there is nuclear palisading or even a cutaneous leiomyoma if there are epithelioid cells rather than the usual spindle cells. Here we are reporting two cases of SCN, over the face with characteristic histomorphological findings of Intratumoral clefts