Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm <p><em><strong>ISSN: <a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2456-1487" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2456-1487 (Online)</a>, <a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2456-9887" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2456-9887 (Print)</a></strong></em></p> <p><em><strong>RNI: MPENG/2017/70771</strong></em></p> en-US support@medresearch.in (Mr Daulat Ram) support@medresearch.in (Mr Daulat Ram) Tue, 10 Sep 2024 12:10:07 +0530 OJS 3.1.2.1 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and associated factors towards Hepatitis B infection among Health Care Workers and Medical Students at tertiary care hospital in North India https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/653 <p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p><strong>Background:</strong> Hepatitis B represents a significant global public health challenge. India is in the intermediate endemicity zone with hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among general population ranging from 2% to 8%. Among health care workers, seroprevalence is two to four times higher than that of general population therefore it can be prevented with strategies like safe and effective vaccination, increasing awareness and by adhering to universal precautions.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Hepatitis B among health care workers and medical students</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> This is analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 345 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p>health care workers and medical students of Government Medical College Amritsar and &nbsp;<br>associated tertiary care Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar from March to April 2024 using <br>semi-structured, pretested questionnaire.</p> <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Among 345 participants, correct response towards Knowledge, Attitude and Practice were given by 79%, 85% and 55% respectively. 84.25 % knew about the mode of transmission of hepatitis B virus. Only 56.2% of the participants had completed vaccination. In this study, a clear association was observed between higher educational attainment and increased awareness, as well as adoption of favorable practices.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Although study participants exhibited high levels of knowledge and positive attitudes, their practices fell short of expectations. Consequently, implementing periodic workshops and symposia focused on safe workplace practices could effectively enhance awareness and reinforce adherence to standard guidelines.</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Knowledge<strong>, </strong>Attitude, Practice, Hepatitis B infection, Health Care Workers, Medical Students</p> Tavishi Oberoi, Avleen Kaur, Loveena Oberoi, Sapna Batra, Prabhjot Kaur Copyright (c) 2024 Author (s). Published by Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/653 Tue, 10 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0530 BCL2 and Ki 67 expression in endometrial hyperplastic disorders https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/654 <p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong></p> <p>The pattern of expression in hyperplastic and premalignant states of endometrium helps us to study the progression of these conditions to frank malignancy. The diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia with/without atypia is a subjective diagnosis which can affect the treatment line of the patient. This study is done to test the IHC markers BCL-2 and Ki67 on hyperplastic and malignant lesions as an attempt to make the diagnosis of type of hyperplasia more accurate.</p> <p><strong>PURPOSE: </strong></p> <p>The present study attempts to determine the relationship between proliferation and the inhibition of apoptosis in endometrial hyperplastic disorders, using monoclonal antibodies against the proliferation marker, Ki-67 and the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2.</p> <p><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS</strong><strong>: </strong></p> <p>&nbsp;Histopathological test requisition forms and paraffin blocks of endometrial biopsy and endometrial curettage reported as endometrial hyperplasia or endometrial carcinoma from February 2022 to May 2023 in the Department of Pathology, Bharati medical College and Research Center, Pune.were collected. The H &amp; E sections and IHC – BCL-2 and Ki 67 was studied on all 60 cases and the observations noted down to be further statistically analyzed.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong></p> <p>Analysis revealed significant p value for both Bcl 2 and Ki 67. BCL-2 is an antiapoptotic marker showing positivity in typical hyperplasia cases as compared to atypical or malignant lesions. Ki 67 is a proliferative marker showing increase in its expression in typical to atypical endometrial hyperplastic lesions to malignant lesions.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong></p> <p>BCL-2 and Ki 67 can be used as a marker to assess the endometrial hyperplastic progression towards atypia/malignancy.</p> <p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong></p> <p>Antiapoptotic marker, Endometrium, Hyperplasia, Proliferative marker</p> Ashwini Somani, Ravindra Nimbargi, Anuja Patil, Amrutraj Patil, Reena Bharadwaj Copyright (c) 2024 Author (s). Published by Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/654 Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0530 Comparative Evaluation of Rapid Antigen Detection with Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Novel SARS-CoV-2. https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/657 <p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Swift and precise detection of SARS-CoV-2 is essential for managing outbreaks both within communities and hospitals. Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT–PCR) stands as the benchmark diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2. However, its reliance on specialized equipment and technical expertise, alongside the necessity for a sophisticated laboratory, limits its widespread use. Rapid antigen tests have emerged as convenient point-of-care diagnostic assays. Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of these tests compared to RT-PCR is crucial. While numerous studies have been conducted for this purpose globally, many have assessed performance using separate samples, potentially leading to variations in findings. <strong>Aim</strong>: In our study, we aimed to comparatively assess rRT-PCR and Rapid Antigen Tests, with rRT-PCR considered the gold standard, by conducting both tests using samples collected in the same Viral Transport Medium (VTM)<br>tube. <strong>Materials and</strong> <strong>Methods</strong>: We collected a total of 300 nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from patients suspected of having COVID-19. Rapid antigen tests were performed directly from the tube using the STANDARD Q COVID-19 Ag test. RT-PCR of the sample was conducted post RNA extraction. Both tests were performed using the same VTM tube.<strong>Results</strong>: The rapid antigen detection test (RADT) demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 90%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of RADT were 91% and 88%, respectively. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: RADT conducted directly from VTM exhibited high sensitivity and specificity, suggesting its potential utility during pandemics.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>SARS CoV-2, RTPCR, RADT, Pandemic, Point of care</p> Uksim Qadri, Bashir A Fomda, Nargis Bali, Saleem Javaid Wani Copyright (c) 2024 Author (s). Published by Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://pathology.medresearch.in/index.php/jopm/article/view/657 Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0530