Cutaneous cystic lesions: its clinicopathological correlation with emphasis on unusual findings.
Abstract
Background: Cutaneous cysts are the most common lesions encountered in surgical practice with cosmetic and psychological concern to the patient.
Aim: To establish the clinicopathological correlation of these lesions and also the importance of histological evaluation for the prevention of misdiagnosing a benign-appearing malignant lesion.
Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with data collected from archives of histopathology from January 2018 to December 2020 of clinically diagnosed cutaneous cyst along with age, gender, location and histopathological evaluation were analysed.
Results: 88 cases that were clinically diagnosed as cutaneous cysts had a higher female proportion 52.3%. The most common clinical diagnosis is epidermal/ sebaceous cyst. 35.2% of cases were clinically diagnosed accurately but 64.8% of cases did not correlate with clinical diagnosis. 4 malignant lesions were misdiagnosed as benign cutaneous cyst clinically.
Conclusion: Most often clinically diagnosed cutaneous cysts are not sent for histopathological evaluation which is a very important tool to confirm the diagnosis.
Downloads
References
Johnston RB. 16 - cysts, sinuses, and pits. In: Johnston RB, ed. Weedon’s Skin Pathology Essentials, 2nd edn. Amsterdam, theNetherlands: Elsevier; 2017. 329–348.
Taylor, R. S., Perone, J. B., Kaddu, S., & Kerl, H. (2008). Appendage tumors and hamartomas of the skin. Fitzpatrick’s dermatology in general medicine. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1068-1087.
Kamyab K, Kianfar N, Dasdar S, Salehpour Z, Nasimi M. Cutaneous cysts: a clinicopathologic analysis of 2,438 cases. Int J Dermatol. 2020 Apr;59(4):457-462. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14808.
Al-Khateeb TH, Al-Masri NM, Al-Zoubi F. Cutaneous cysts of the head and neck. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Jan;67(1):52-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2007.05.023.
Golden BA, Zide MF. Cutaneous cysts of the head and neck. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 Nov;63(11):1613-9. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2005.08.002.
Ramaswamy AS, Manjunatha HK, Sunilkumar B, Arunkumar SP. Morphological spectrum of pilar cysts. N Am J Med Sci. 2013 Feb;5(2):124-8. doi: 10.4103/1947-2714.107532.
Nigam JS, Bharti JN, Nair V, Gargade CB, Deshpande AH, Dey B, Singh A. Epidermal Cysts: A Clinicopathological Analysis with Emphasis on Unusual Findings. Int J Trichology. 2017 Jul-Sep;9(3):108-112. doi: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_16_17.
Phukan JP, Sinha A, Pal S, Sinha R. Cytological diagnosis of epidermal inclusion cyst of breast: A rare benign lesion. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2014 Jul;5(2):460-2. doi: 10.4103/0976-9668.136251.
Derin S, Şahan M, Dere Y, Çullu N, Şahan L. Cervical cystic hygroma in an adult. Case Rep Pathol. 2014;2014:209427.doi: 10.1155/2014/209427.
Mirza B, Ijaz L, Saleem M, Sharif M, Sheikh A. Cystic hygroma: an overview. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2010 Sep;3(3):139-44. doi: 10.4103/0974-2077.74488.
James WD, Berger TG, Elston DM. Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. 11th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Elsevier/Saunders; 2011. p. 516-8
Dubey S, Sharma R, Maheshwari V. Scrotal calcinosis: idiopathic or dystrophic? Dermatol Online J. 2010 Feb 15;16(2):5.
Bhat, D., Parate, S., & Bobhate, S. K. (2003). Scrotal calcinosis presenting as nodular masses: A report of 4 cases. Indian Journal of Dermatology, 48(2), 112.
Cohen PR, Alpert RS, Calame A. Cellular Digital Fibroma: A Comprehensive Review of a CD34-Positive Acral Lesion of the Distal Fingers and Toes. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2020 Oct;10(5):949-966. doi: 10.1007/s13555-020-00418-3.
Tardío, Juan C. "Dermal fibroma with a distinctive perivascular cell arrangement." The American Journal of Dermatopathology 30.6 (2008): 638-640.
Kataria, S. P., Singh, G., Batra, A., Kumar, S., Kumar, V., & Singh, P. (2018). Nodular hidradenoma: a series of five cases in male subjects and review of literature. Adv Cytol Pathol, 3(2), 46-47.
Li, Zi-Yuan, and Jian-Min Chang. "Solid-Cystic Hidradenoma." International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2.3 (2019): 191-192.
Paranjyothi M, Mukunda A. Clear cell hidradenoma: An unusual tumor of the oral cavity. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2013 Jan;17(1):136-8. doi: 10.4103/0973-029X.110719.
Shilpa K, Leelavathy B, Divya G, Lakshmi D V. Chondroid syringoma: Histopathology a cornerstone tool in diagnosis. Indian J Dermatopathol Diagn Dermatol 2016;3:20-1. doi:10.4103/2349-6029.184005.
Reddy PB, Nandini DB, Sreedevi R, Deepak BS. Benign chondroid syringoma affecting the upper lip: Report of a rare case and review of literature. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2018 Sep-Dec;22(3):401-405. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_35_18.
Aung PP, Goldberg LJ, Mahalingam M, Bhawan J. Cutaneous Myopericytoma: A Report of 3 Cases and Review of the Literature. Dermatopathology (Basel). 2015 Feb 11;2(1):9-14. doi: 10.1159/000371875.
Batra J, Ramesh V, Molpariya A, Maan KK. Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma: An Unusual Presentation. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2018 Jul-Aug;9(4):262-264. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_354_17.
Manchanda, Adesh S., Ramandeep Singh Narang, and Geetika Puri. "Palisaded encapsulated neuroma." Journal of Orofacial Sciences 7.2 (2015): 136.
Ishida M, Okabe H. Pigmented pilomatricoma: an underrecognized variant. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2013 Aug 15;6(9):1890-3.
Hernández-Núñez A, Nájera Botello L, Romero Maté A, Martínez-Sánchez C, Utrera Busquets M, Calderón Komáromy A, et al. Retrospective study of pilomatricoma: 261 tumors in 239 patients. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 Sep;105(7):699-705. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.01.003.
Mahalle A, Gs Reddy M, Mohit Kheur S, Bagul N, Ingle Y. Solitary Non Syndromic Oral Plexiform Neurofibroma: a Case Report and Review of Literature. J Dent (Shiraz). 2016 Sep;17(3 Suppl):293-296.
Khetrapal, S., Jairajpuri, Z., Rana, S., Pujani, M., & Jetley, S. (2015). Plexiform Neurofibroma: An Unusual Diagnosis of Lip Swellings. IJSS Case Reports & Reviews, 1(12), 1-3.
Salih AM, Kakamad FH, Essa RA, Rauf GM, S A M, H M S, et al. Porocarcinoma: A systematic review of literature with a single case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2017;30:13-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.10.051.
Kurashige Y, Minemura T, Nagatani T. Eccrine porocarcinoma: clinical and pathological report of eight cases. Case Rep Dermatol. 2013 Oct 4;5(3):259-66. doi: 10.1159/000355606.
Luz Mde A, Ogata DC, Montenegro MF, Biasi LJ, Ribeiro LC. Eccrine porocarcinoma (malignant eccrine poroma): a series of eight challenging cases. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010 Jul;65(7):739-42. doi: 10.1590/S1807-59322010000700014.
Masamatti SS, Narasimha A, Bhat A, Chowdappa V. Eccrine Porocarcinoma of the Scalp: A Rare Case Report with Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Jan;10(1):ED15-6. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/16083.7149.
Apollos JR, Ekatah GE, Ng GS, McFadyen AK, Whitelaw SC. Routine histological examination of epidermoid cysts; to send or not to send? Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2016 Dec 19;13:24-28. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2016.12.047.
Copyright (c) 2021 Author (s). Published by Siddharth Health Research and Social Welfare Society
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
