Drug resistant microorganisms isolated from the cases of Otitis media in a tertiary care hospital
Abstract
Introduction: Otitis media (OM) is a major health problem worldwide. WHO has reported hearing impairment in 42 million people (above 3 years) globally was mainly caused by OM. The prevalence rate of ASOM in India is around 17-20% and CSOM is 7.8%.
Objective: The aim was to determine microbiological profile of organisms causing otitis media and to assess their antibiotic susceptibility pattern from our geographical area.
Methods: This is a prospective study of 148 clinically suspected cases of OM (ASOM & CSOM). Samples were cultured and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed as per CLSI guidelines.
Result: Out of 148 cases of OM, the male to female ratio was 1:1.17,97(65.54%) were culture positive and 51(34.45%) culture negative. Among bacterial pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest organism isolated (31.57%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20%). Of the staphylococcus aureus isolates, 14(46.66%) were MRSA. Majority of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were found resistant to multiple antibiotics including Penicillin G (96.6%) & Azithromycin (76.6%). High level of resistance observed in the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [Imipenem (31.57%) and Ceftazidime (52.63%)]. Multidrug resistance was also found in Enterobactericeae, showing resistance to Cotrimoxazole (76.19%) & Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (66.66%). GNNF was found 100% sensitive to imipenem and 50% resistant to ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion: Emergence of resistance strains among the isolates of OM has led to treatment failure leaving narrow spectrum of treatment options. Therefore, knowledge of microorganism profile and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern is important for the management of the disease and to prescribe empirical antibiotics for successful treatment.
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