Prevalence of ABO and rhesus blood groups in blood donors: a study from a tertiary care centre in south Gujarat, India
Abstract
Background: Since it was discovered by Karl Landsteiner, the ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system in Transfusion Medicine. ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are hereditary characters and are useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico-legal issues and more importantly for the immunologic safety of blood during transfusion.
Aims: This study was carried out to determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups in blood donors of tertiary care hospital-attached blood bank and compare it with other data from similar studies within the India.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among the blood donors of GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Valsad Gujarat State (India), who donated blood during the period from January 2017 to December 2018. ABO and Rh blood grouping was performed by forward blood grouping (cell grouping) using test tube agglutination method using antisera A, antisera B and antisera D and by reverse grouping (serum grouping) using pooled known A, B and O cells.
Results: Out of 2971 blood donors, 2746 (92.42%) were male and 225(7.57%) were female. The blood group frequencies positions in the descending order were ‘O’, ‘B’, ‘A’ and ‘AB’ respectively. Rh positive donors were 97.54% and Rh negative were 2.45%. One group was ‘Oh’ (Bombay Phenotype).
Conclusions: ‘O’ group is the most frequent position of ABO blood group system followed by ‘B’ group. Rh+ is the most frequent group than Rh- in the Rh system. Blood donations by females are very low.
Downloads
References
2. Land steirier K. For knowledge of the antifermentative, lytic and agglutinating effects of blood serum under lymph. Central leaf bacteriologic. 1900; 27: 357-362.
3. Rahman M, Lodhi Y. Frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in blood donors in Punjab. Pak J Med Sci. 2004; 20:315-318.
4. Von decastella A, Sturli A. Ureber die iso agglutinine in serum gesunder and Kranaker Menschen” Mfiner Med WSchr. 1902;49:1090-1095.
5. Blaney K, Howard P. Basic and applied concepts of Blood banking and transfusion practices. 3rd edition. Mosby, Elsevier INC. 2013.
6. Sharma DC, Sunita R, Iyenger S, Jain B, Sao S. Prevalence and distribution of ABO and Rh-D antigens along with its subgroups & rare types in Greater Gwalior Region. Open J Blood Dis. 2013;3(2):69-73. doi: 10.4236/ojbd.2013.32015.
7. Bethesda DL. In: The Rh blood group. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information; 2005. Blood Groups and Red Cell Antigens; pp. P.1–6.
8. Khan MS, Subhan F, Tahir F, Kazi BM, Dil AS, Sultan S. Prevalence of blood groups and Rh factor in Bannu region NWFP (Pakistan). Pak J Med Res. 2004;43(1):8-10.
9. Sidhu S, Sidhu L S. ABO blood group frequencies among the Sansis of Punjab. Coll Anthropol. 1980;4(3):55-58.
10. Choudhury P, Chakrabarti JS, Choudhury PS. Frequency and distribution of blood groups in blood donors of Tripura. J Med Soc. 2016;30(3):158-161. doi: 10.4103/0972-4958.191181.
11. Girish C J, Chandrashekhar T N, Ramesh Babu K, Kantikar S M. ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution among Malnad region blood donors. Res Rev Biomed Biotechnol [RRBB] 2011;2(3):25-30.
12. Patel PA, Patel SP, Shah JV, Oza HV. Frequency and distribution of blood groups in blood donors in western ahmedabad – a hospital based study. National J. Med. Res. 2012;2(2):207-210.
13. Giri P A, Yadav S, Parhar G S, Phalke DB. Frequency of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups: A study from a rural tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011;2(4):988-990.
14. Mallikarjuna S. Prevalence of ABO and Rhesus blood group among blood donors. Indian J. Pub. Health, Res Develop. 2012;3(2):106-109.
15. Agrawal A, Tiwari AK, Mehta N, Bhattacharya P, Wankhede R, Tulsiani S, et al. ABO and Rh (D) group distribution and gene frequency; the first multicentric study in India. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2014;8(2):121-125. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.137452.
16. Chandra T, Gupta A. Frequency of ABO and rhesus blood groups in blood donors. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2012;6(1):52-53. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.95057.
17. Nanu A, Thapliyal R. Blood group gene frequency in a selected north Indian population. Indian J Med Res. 1997;106:242-246.
18. Sidhu S. Distribution of the ABO blood groups and Rh(D) factor among the scheduled caste population of Punjab. Anthropol. 2003;5(3):203-204. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09720073.2003.11890806.
19. Rajshree B, Raj JY. Distribution of ABO blood group and Rh (D) factor in Western Rajasthan. Nat J Med Res. 2012;3(1):73-75.
20. Gupta NK, Dadwal S. Distribution of ABO and Rhesus-D blood groups. Asian J Trans Sci. 2012;6(1):73-74.
21. Ipsita N, Sekhar S. ABO and Rhesus blood groups in potential blood donors at Durgapur Steel city of the district of Burdwan, West Bengal. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2012;6(1):54-55. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.95059.
22. Periyavan S, Sangeetha S, Marimuthu P, Manjunath B, Seema DM. Distribution of ABO and Rhesus-D blood groups in and around Bangalore. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2010;4(1):41. doi: 10.4103/0973-6247.59391.
23. Das P, Nair S, Harris V, Rose D, Mammen J, Bose Y, et al. Distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among blood donors in a tertiary care centre in South India. Trop Doct. 2001;31(1):47-48. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/004947550103100121.
24. Periyavan A, Sangeetha SK, Marimuthu P, Manjunath BK, Seema DM. Distribution of ABO and Rhesus-D groups in and around Bangalore. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2010;4(1):41.
25. Sanagapati PR, Vujhini SK. ABO and Rh-D blood group frequency and distribution: a tertiary care hospital experience. Int J Res Med Sci 2015;3(8):2058-2056. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20150327.
OAI - Open Archives Initiative
