Prevalence and leukotoxic profile of biofilm forming Staphylococcal strains isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Mysore

  • Pradeep Halebeedu Prakash Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
  • Dr. Shubha Gopal Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Keywords: Biofilm, Device-associated infections, Staphylococcus, Pantone-Valentine Leukocidin, ica operon

Abstract

Background: Staphylococci causes chronic skin infections, device associated infections, ear infections, bone infections and post-operative infections. It secretes toxins such as Pantone-Valentine Leukocidin which prolongs the infection in hospitalized patients.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcal biofilm associated strains and to understand the correlation between biofilm production, multi-drug resistance and leukotoxicity.

Methods: 280 Staphylococcal clinical isolates obtained from biofilm associated infections are collected from a tertiary care hospital in Mysore. They were screened for the production of biofilm, multi-drug resistance and leukotoxicity. They were also screened for icaAB and PVL luk F/S genes by PCR. Correlation between leuktoxicity and biofilm production was established by finding the leukotoxic potential of biofilm positive strains.

Findings: Among 280 Staphylococcal clinical isolates, 34.6% showed biofilm production. Out of these isolates, 25% showed the presence of icaAB genes and 29% showed the presence of PVL luk F/S genes. Presence of icaAB gene was found to be higher in isolates obtained from implant associated infections. But the prevalence of PVL luk F/S genes was higher in chronic skin infections. 78% of the isolates displayed multi-drug resistance and methicillin resistant strains were comparitively high in device associated infections (77%). Strong biofilm producing PVL positive isolates from chronic skin infections showed increased leucotoxicity compared to PVL negative, weak and moderate biofilm producers.

Conclusion: Statistical analysis revealed that PVL in association with biofilms can promote higher leukotoxicity compared to non biofilm producers. This study foresee the essential role of biofilm production, multi-drug resistance and toxins for the increased Staphylococcal pathogenesis.

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CITATION
DOI: 10.17511/jopm.2016.i03.06
Published: 2016-12-31
How to Cite
Halebeedu Prakash, P., & Gopal, S. (2016). Prevalence and leukotoxic profile of biofilm forming Staphylococcal strains isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Mysore. Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology, 2(3), 110-119. https://doi.org/10.17511/jopm.2016.i03.06
Section
Original Article